\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{ctex,siunitx}
\setCJKmainfont{Noto Serif CJK SC}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns, calc}
\usetikzlibrary {decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.shapes,}
\begin{document}
\small
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,scale=1.0]
  \useasboundingbox(-2.4,-2.1)rectangle(7.5,2.5);
  \draw(-2,0)node[left]{$B$}--(2,0)node[right]{$A$};
  \node at(0,0)[below=2.5mm]{太阳};
  \draw(0,0)circle(2)node[fill=white]{\huge\sun};
  \draw[fill=white](70:2)circle(0.1)(50:2)circle(0.1);
  \fill([shift=(-20:0.1)]70:2)arc(-20:160:0.1);
  \fill([shift=(-40:0.1)]50:2)arc(-40:140:0.1);
  \node at(70:2)[below left]{$D$};
  \node at(70:2)[above left=1mm]{地球};
  \node at(50:2)[below left ]{$C$};
  \draw[thin](70:2)--++(70:0.5)(50:2)--++(70:0.7);
  \draw[thin,<->](70:2.4)--++(-20:0.7)node[midway,sloped,above]{$\ell$};
  \draw[->](50:2)arc(50:60:2);
  \draw[->](260:2)arc(260:270:2);
  \draw(5:6)circle(0.2)(5:6)circle(0.7);
  \node at (5:6)[below=1mm]{木星};
  \fill([shift=(-85:0.2)]5:6)arc(-85:95:0.2);
  \fill(5:6.7)circle(1pt)node[right]{卫星};
  \draw(5:6.7)--(70:2)(5:6.7)--(50:2);
  \draw[->](4.45:6.7)arc(0:90:0.7);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}